Indian national movement khilafat and non cooperation. During world war i, the ottoman empire turkey joined the war in favour of germany. A khilafat movement started and soon gathered momentum. The allindia khilafat conference held at delhi in november 1919, decided to withdraw all cooperation from the government if their demands were not met.
On th april, 1919, a huge crowd had assembled in jalianwala bagh, in amritsar to protest peacefully against the arrest of 2 prominent leaders. The moplah rebellion in kerala is a result of the khilafat movement. Another unpleasant resultant of the khilafat movement were moplah riots of 1921. Its purpose was to pressure the british government to preserve the authority of the ottoman sultan as caliph of islam. Introduction the khilafat movement was a religiopolitical movement launched by the muslims of india for the retention of the ottoman caliphate and for not handing over the control of muslim holy places to nonmuslims. Class 10nationalism in indiakhilafat issue video 4 shivaji tanhaji kondana. It was this radical group which pressed for country wide hartals of october 17, 1919 and march 19, 1920. From the year 1876 to 1909, abdul hamid ii was the emperor of the ottoman empire. As he was a caliph, he was supreme from the religious aspect and also was a political leader of the sunni muslims all over the world. Gandhi decided to exchange support to the khilafat movement as he viewed it as a golden opportunity for bringing muslims and hindus together on the national front.
During 1919 22, the british were opposed through two mass movementsthe khilafat and noncooperation. This group was the radical wing of the khilafat movement that gained its place over the moderate section. The first phase september 1919 august 1920 by gopal krishna i when thh european war ended in november 1918 the fate of the defeated turkish em pire was no longer in doubt. The other fallen empire, austriahungary, had been dis membered, and the ottoman turks could not hope to escape the consequences of allying. This article begins by placing the khilafat movement 191924 in historical context and then describes main developments marking its evolution in response to the turkish nationalist struggle for liberation. Gandhi was also present in the session and offered hindu cooperation with regard to khilafat institution.
The movement was also a topic in conference of london held in february 1920. Khilafat movement 19191924 the lucknow pact showed that it was possible for middleclass, englisheducated muslims and hindus to arrive at an amicable settlement on hindumuslim constitutional and political problems. Mahatma gandhi embraced the cause of his muslim fellowcountrymen, and in november 1919 he was elected president of the allindia khilafat conference. The period 191922 is understood as the heyday of hindumuslim unity against the colonial rule. I was reading in a certain book that during the khilafat movement in 1920 a call was made by different muslim scholars to migrate to afghanistan. May 26, 2015 khilafat movement by gail minault the khilafat movement was an agitation by indian muslims, allied with indian nationalists, to pressure the british government to preserve the authority of the ottoman sultan as caliph of islam after world war i. Background the khilafat movement 1919 1924 was a major panislamic movement started to save the ottoman empire and it extended to india against the british power. The khilafat movement 19191924 was a pan islamic political campaign launched by muslims in british india to influence thebritish government and to protect the ottomen empire during the aftermathof world war i the position of caliph after thearmistice of mudros of october 1918 with the military occupation of istanbul and treaty of versailes 1919 fell into a disambiguation. This is why their leadership and their actions overlapped. Khilafat and noncooperation movement in india against british.
Khilafat movement 1919 1924 the lucknow pact showed that it was possible for middleclass, englisheducated muslims and hindus to arrive at an amicable settlement on hindumuslim constitutional and political problems. These include khilafat leaders successive moves to pressure the british authorities in india through countrywide noncooperation bid. First session of khilafat conference was held in delhi in 1919 and muslims were asked not to participate in victory celebration, to boycott british goods and start a noncooperation movement. From 19191922 two important movements that happened were the khilafat movement and the non cooperation movement. The khilafat movement 19191924 was a pan islamic political campaign launched by muslims in british india to influence thebritish government and to protect the ottomen empire during the aftermathof world war i the position of caliph after thearmistice of mudros of october 1918 with the military occupation of istanbul and treaty of versailes 1919 fell into a disambiguation along with. The khilafat movement 19191924 was a panislamic, political protest campaign launched by muslims in british india to influence the british government and to protect the ottoman empire during the aftermath of world war i. Nov 16, 2017 khilafat movement and noncooperation movement by roman saini indian history for upscias, ssc cgl duration.
Introduction the khilafat movement was a religiopolitical movement launched by the muslims of british india for the retention of the ottoman caliphate and for not handing over the control of muslim holy places to nonmuslims. The khilafat movement developed a sense of concern amongst the muslims about their national matters and inculcated among them the awareness about their future. In the process, it also tells us of how the politics of the. Non cooperation movement on gandhis advice the central khilafat committee, on 28051920, accepted noncooperation as the only acceptable line of action.
Gandhian philosophy emphasized the strategy of satyagraha and ahimsa in fighting against the british. Did mahatma gandhi went out of his way to support khilfat movement. The three central demands of the movement were as follows. The khilafat movement, also known as the indian muslim movement 191924, was a panislamist political protest campaign launched by muslims of british india led by shaukat ali, mohammad ali jauhar, hakim ajmal khan and abul kalam azad to restore the caliph of the ottoman caliphate, who was considered the leader of sunni muslims, as an. The khilafat movement also cultivated a new outlook amongst the muslims not to rely on others support and to wholly depend on selfdetermination for the achievement of national cause. The colonial rule resulted in the unity of the hindus and the muslims. The khilafat movement is quite unique, as it has been glorified with one voice by islamic ideologists, indian nationalists and communists alike and along with them by western scholars, as an anticolonial movement of muslims of india. This was the period when the leaderships of congress and the khilafat movement often overlapped. During 191922, the british were opposed through two mass movementsthe khilafat and noncooperation. In his struggle against the racist authorities of south. Khilafat movement after world war i, the ottoman empire faced dismemberment. The khilafat movement 1919 1924 was an agitation by indian muslims allied with indian nationalism in the years following world war i. Confusion in khilafat movement and 1919 reforms css forums. Khilafat movement was formed under the leadership of maulana shaukat ali and muhammad ali.
Hence, muslims started the khilafat movement in india for the restoration of the khalifas position. Though the two movements emerged from separate issues, they adopted a common programme of actionthat of nonviolent non cooperation. Khilafat movement and its importance background of khilafat movement. The khilafat movement expanded to south asia under the leadership of ali brothers. Later, local and regional khilafat committees were also founded all over the country. Read this article to learn about the khilafat and noncooperation movement in india against british. Did he change the two lines of raghupathi raghava rajaram poem to suit muslims.
Dec 14, 2017 during the period of 1919 to 1922 congress and the khilafat movement was in the light. Khilafat movement, khijrat call to afghanistan, maulana azad. In the first world war england fought with turkey and defeated it. Khilafat movement and noncooperation movement by roman saini indian history for upscias, ssc cgl duration. The movement was initially bolstered by gandhis noncooperation movement but fell apart after the abolition of the caliphate in 1924. This movement was a pan islamic movement launched against british government in india. A khilafat committee was soon formed under the leadership of the ali brothers, maulana azad, hakim ajmal khan, and hasrat mohani, and a countrywide agitation was organized. The next month he persuaded congress to back the khilafat movement. But the khilafat movement lasted from 19181922 and jalian wala bagh, mopla uprising, hijrat movement and. The khilafat movement 1919 1924 was a panislamic, political campaign launched by muslims in british india to influence the british government and to protect the ottoman empire during the aftermath of world war i. Khilafat movement 19191924 was a significant islamic movement in india during the british rule.
To begin with, the khilafat movement in itself was a naive approach on muslims behalf. Khilafat movement 1919 1924 was a significant islamic movement in india during the british rule. Khilafat movement khilafat movement after world war i the. Under the leadership of the ali brothers, maulana muhammad ali and maulanshaukat ali, the muslims of south asia launched the historic khilafat movement to. The khilafat movement 19191924 was an agitation by indian muslims allied with indian nationalism in the years following world war i. The movement was started in the year 1919 under the leadership of shaukat ali and muhammad ali. After the war, the british removed the khalifa from power and fragmented turkey. Khilafat movement 19191924 importance pdf download. Batulmuqaddas 3the protection of limits of turkey if it is defeated in the world war. The following excerpt is from wikipedia article on khilafat movement. In malabar, the moplah muslim peasants and farmers rose against the hindu landlords. Its object was to restoration of the sultan of turkey is khalifa of islam. The muslims of india had a great regard for the khilafat caliphate which was held by the ottoman empire. With this, the third and significant phase of indian nationalism began and which continued till independence.
The all india congress committee that met at varansasi on 305 urged the british government to recall the viceroy and award punishment to sir michael odwyer for the jallianwala bagh. Khilafat movement class 10nationalism in india video 4. In this atmosphere emerged the khilafat issue around which developed the historic noncooperation movement. The following excerpt from sheela reddys new book gives a glimpse into the dynamics of the relationship shared by mr and mrs jinnah. Khilafat movement and noncooperation movement mohandas karamchand gandhi took control of the national movement in 1919. Khilafat movement 19191922 the khilafat movement was a very important event in the political history of india. This was an attempt by the indian muslim community to unite together in support of the turkish empire ruled by the khalifa, which was attacked by european powers. The noncooperation movement is referred to briefly since it has its origin in the khilafat movement. Under the leadership of the ali brothers, maulana muhammad ali and maulanshaukat ali, the muslims of south asia launched the historic khilafat movement to try and save it.
The muslims considered the khalifa as the custodian of islam. The jinnahs, gandhi and khilafat outlook india magazine. While seemingly panislamic, the movement was primarily a means of. The first phase september 1919august 1920 by gopal krishna i when thh european war ended in november 1918 the fate of the defeated turkish em pire was no longer in doubt. At that time gandhi had a thought that if they had to fight against the british and defeat them, it would be possible only if the hindus and muslims were together and remained united.
Many young muslims migrated to afghanistan where they were looted and ruined. An attempt was made towards inaugurating a panislamic movement i. They started a movement to restore the power and dignity of khalifa. Role of women in the khilafat and noncooperation movement after the first world war, montague chelms ford reform act of 1919 was passed which was unsatisfactory to the indians. Khilafat movement, panislamic force in india that arose in 1919 in an effort to salvage the ottoman caliph as a symbol of unity among muslims in india during the period of british rule. Why was the khilafat movement supported by gandhiji in 1919. Nov 02, 2017 class 10nationalism in indiakhilafat issue video 4 shivaji tanhaji kondana. The khilafat movement was started to save the ottoman empire and it extended to india against the british power. Khilafat movement by gail minault the khilafat movement was an agitation by indian muslims, allied with indian nationalists, to pressure the british government to preserve the authority of the ottoman sultan as caliph of islam after world war i. Its purpose was to pressure the british government to preserve the authority of the ottoman sultan as caliph of islam following the breakup of the ottoman empire at the end of the war. Background the khilafat movement19191924 was a major panislamic movement started to save the ottoman empire and it extended to india against the british power. During the period of 1919 to 1922 congress and the khilafat movement was in the light. The khilafat movement was launched by muslims in british india in 1920 to defend the ottoman caliphate at the end of the first world war and it spread throughout the british colonial territories.
It was strong in british india where it formed a rallying point for some indian muslims as one of many antibritish indian political movements. Khilafat movement the main objectives of khilafat movement were. The khilafat movement 1919 1924 was a panislamic, political campaign launched by muslims in british india to influence the british government and to protect. This was in tune with gandhis idea that british can be fought only with united hindus and muslims. Khilafat movementthe khilafat movement 19191924 was an agitation on the part of some indian muslims, allied with the indian nationalist movement, during the years following world war i.
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